Дата: 27 января 1998 (1998-01-27)
От: Alexander Bondugin
Тема: This Week On Galileo - January 26 - February 1, 1998
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THIS WEEK ON GALILEO
January 26 - February 1, 1998
This week Galileo continues to transmit to Earth pictures and science data
acquired and stored on the onboard tape recorder during the spacecraft's
close flyby of Jupiter's moon Europa in December 1997. Meanwhile, here on
Earth, flight team members continue to examine engineering data gathered
during a test of the spacecraft's attitude control system that was performed
about a week and a half ago. The attitude control system has behaved
anomalously on two occasions since December 1997. Preliminary findings seem
to confirm initial theories that the anomalous behavior was caused by a
hardware error in one of the spacecraft's two gyroscopes. Work on confirming
these findings will continue throughout the week.
Scheduled for transmission to Earth this week are the final portions of the
fields and particles' observation of the interaction between Europa and
Jupiter's magnetic and electric field environment. There are also
observations by Galileo's camera of the wedged regions of Europa and science
information from the Near Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (NIMS) of the same
wedged region of Europa. The NIMS data will help scientists learn about the
types of materials found in this wedged region. Other NIMS observations to
be returned this week monitor changes in Io's surface activity. This
monitoring will aid observation planners later in the Galileo Europa
Mission, when the spacecraft approaches its close flyby of Io in late 1999.
Finally, the Photopolarimeter Radiometer team returns data from an
observation designed to look for hot regions on Europa.
Once processing and transmission of these observations are completed, the
spacecraft starts with re-processing and re-transmission of observations
that may have previously been processed and transmitted to Earth. This
second "pass" through the recorded data provides the science teams with the
opportunity to fill up gaps in information caused by transmission problems
the first time around. The second pass also provides the opportunity to
re-play portions of observations that have been identified as particularly
interesting or to simply add additional data from a particular observation.
First on the re-transmission schedule we find an observation of Ganymede's
Gilgamesh region. This observation is expected to help determine the age of
Europa's surface by allowing scientists to compare the number and types of
craters in this region of Ganymede's surface to the crater statistics on
Europa's surface. The last observation on this week's schedule is a global
observation of Europa performed by NIMS.
For more information on the Galileo spacecraft and its mission to Jupiter,
please visit the Galileo home page:
http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/
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Дата: 27 января 1998 (1998-01-27)
От: Alexander Bondugin
Тема: NEAR Completes Flawless Earth Swingby
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John Hopkins University Press Release
Applied Physics Laboratory
23 January 1998
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
NEAR COMPLETES FLAWLESS EARTH SWINGBY
The Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous (NEAR) spacecraft flew by the Earth this
morning, "right on schedule and right on target," says a jubilant Thomas
Coughlin, Space Programs Manager at The Johns Hopkins University Applied
Physics Laboratory (APL), which manages the NEAR mission. All spacecraft
subsystems worked flawlessly as NEAR swooped around the Earth during a
2-hour visit for a gravity assist that put it onto the correct trajectory
for a Jan. 10, 1999, encounter with asteroid 433 Eros.
The Jan. 22-23 swingby put the United States on watch for its first
naked-eye glimpse of an interplanetary spacecraft. The southern states from
east to west, and especially Hawaii, got the best view because of clear
skies and darkness that made it easier to see sunglints off the spacecraft's
four solar panels. Although closest-encounter data is still being processed,
early indications are that NEAR passed within 336 miles of southwest Iran,
as predicted. (Encounter data will be posted on the NEAR Web page as soon as
it is available.)
The first sighting of NEAR was made at about 1:30 p.m. EST, by an astronomer
in Caussols, France, using a 0.9 meter telescope, as the spacecraft
approached far above the Middle East. When sighted, NEAR was 580,000 miles
from Earth and within a half-mile of its expected location.
Data captured by NEAR instruments will start coming in to the APL Mission
Operations Center in Laurel, Md., about 8 p.m., this evening, says Mark
Holdridge, Mission Operations Director, and scientists expect to release the
first images from the swingby on Monday, Jan. 26.
Today NEAR is taking a series of images of Asia, Africa and Antarctica as it
pulls away from Earth. The images will be combined to make a "movie"
documenting the spacecraft's visit. For the next week NEAR's Multi-Spectral
Imager and its Near-Infrared Spectrograph will be calibrated using proven
measurements of Earth and moon geological features. On Feb. 6 the last of
the instruments will be turned off. Over the next year as NEAR closes in on
Eros scientists and engineers will be developing and testing flight and
ground software for the spacecraft and finalizing procedures for the
yearlong encounter with the asteroid.
NEAR's study of Eros will be the first in-depth examination of a near-Earth
asteroid and is expected to yield information that will help scientists
better understand the evolution of our solar system. NEAR, which is being
tracked by NASA's Deep Space Network, is the first mission in the Space
Agency's Discovery series.
---------------------------------------------------------
For more information contact Helen Worth, JHU/APL Office of Public Affairs.
Phone: (301) 953-5113; e-mail: Helen.Worth@jhuapl.edu; fax: (301) 953-6123;
or check the APL NEAR Web page:http://sd-www.jhuapl.edu/NEAR/
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Дата: 27 января 1998 (1998-01-27)
От: Alexander Bondugin
Тема: NASA Comet and Jupiter Missions Offer Educator Fellowships
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MEDIA RELATIONS OFFICE
JET PROPULSION LABORATORY
CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION
PASADENA, CALIF. 91109 TELEPHONE (818) 354-5011
http://www.jpl.nasa.gov
Contact: Mary Beth Murrill or Jane Platt
January 22, 1998
NASA COMET AND JUPITER MISSIONS OFFER EDUCATOR FELLOWSHIPS
Two NASA space missions are seeking candidates to apply for
educator fellowships to help field-test educational modules and to
plan and participate in teacher training workshops developed by the
projects.
NASA's Stardust mission, which will launch in 1999, fly to a comet and
collect a sample for return to Earth, is seeking applicants for 10
educator fellowships. As part of a nationwide teacher training
initiative, the Stardust project is developing educational modules,
targeted at grades 4 through 8, that will be tested by the Stardust
Educator Fellows chosen from around the country.
In late spring/summer 1998, a second announcement of opportunity will
be distributed to solicit candidates from which an additional 15
Stardust Educator Fellows will be selected and trained in fall 1998.
Those selected for the educator fellowships will receive an
all-expenses-paid intensive training workshop about the comet sample
return mission this spring at Lockheed Martin Astronautics in Denver,
CO. Fellows will also receive guidance on presentation strategies and
a complete teacher training presenter package so they can conduct
their own Stardust teacher training workshops.
Ideal candidates are actively teaching or conducting teacher training
in a formal or informal science environment (school district, science
center, museum, educational organization, etc.). Selected candidates
will be announced by March 6, 1998. Additional information for
Stardust Educator Fellowship applicants is available on the Stardust
home page at http://stardust.jpl.nasa.gov
Candidates are also being sought for the Galileo Europa Mission
Educator Fellowship Program for 1998 and 1999. A team of 15 Educator
Fellows will be selected for training at the Jet Propulsion
Laboratory, Pasadena, CA. Individuals selected will receive a
complete workshop package and educational materials to conduct their
own teacher training geared toward middle and high school teachers.
More information is available at http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/
The fellowships will focus on the Galileo Europa Mission, a
two-year extension of the Galileo Mission to Jupiter, which will study
two of Jupiter's moons with opposite and extreme conditions. Icy
Europa may have liquid oceans hidden under its surface, while Io is
dotted with volcanoes.
Applications for the Galileo Europa Mission Educator Fellowships
must be received by Feb. 16, with selected candidates to be announced
on Feb. 27.
Application information for both Stardust and Galileo Europa Mission
programs may be requested by contacting Kerri Beisser, Challenger
Center for Space Science Education,1029 N. Royal Street, Suite 300,
Alexandria, VA 22314; or by sending a query via fax to (703) 683-7546.
Applicants should specify for which program they wish to apply.
The Stardust Mission and the Galileo Europa Mission are managed for
NASA's Office of Space Science by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a
division of the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA.
#####
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Дата: 27 января 1998 (1998-01-27)
От: Alexander Bondugin
Тема: * SpaceNews 26-Jan-98 *
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SB NEWS @ AMSAT $SPC0126
* SpaceNews 26-Jan-98 *
BID: $SPC0126
=========
SpaceNews
=========
MONDAY JANUARY 26, 1998
SpaceNews originates at KD2BD in Wall Township, New Jersey, USA. It
is published every week and is made available for non-commercial use.
* InfoEspace NEWS *
Mike, VE2TRV, has made some adjustments to the Laval Laurentides ARC Web
site, so InfoEspace, the French translation of SpaceNews, has been moved
to its own subdirectory. The number of files in the /ve2crl directory was
becoming too large to manage efficiently. The latest edition of InfoEspace
is now at the following URL:
http://pages.infinit.net/ve2crl/infoesp/space.htm
Work is currently underway to have archives of InfoEspace available at the
site. The download page will be accessible via a link on the main InfoEspace
page, and the files will be compressed using PKZIP. The changes should be
completed by the end of January.
InfoEspace is in its fourth year of publication, serving French-speaking
amateur space fans since mid-1994.
[Info via Mike Detaille, VE2TRV]
* FUJI-OSCAR-29 NEWS *
A memory error was detected in the onboard computer system of the FUJI-3
(FO-29) satellite. Restarting and software reloading is currently being
carried out, but the process is taking a long time due to poor uplink
efficiency. The operating schedule previously announced for FO-29 has
been cancelled. The satellite will remain in analog mode (Mode JA)
continuously untuil further notice. A new operating schedule is
expected to be announced shortly.
[Info via Kazu Sakamoto, JJ1WTK]
* AMSAT-OSCAR-10 WOBBLE *
Recent observations suggest that the AMSAT-OSCAR-10 satellite is no longer
stable in its Z-axis (the normal axis of spin), and is slowly tumbling or
"wobbling" in orbit. The satellite is currently going through several deep
periods of signal fading with a measured cycle of 15 to 20 minutes, and
this condition will make it difficult, if not impossible, for spacecraft
controllers to accurately predict AO-10's functional status over long
periods of time. If the present trend continues, AMSAT-OSCAR-10 will
simply continue to show periods of slow signal fading followed by periods
of rather strong signals over a cycle of multiple minutes as a result of
the Z-axis wobble.
[Info via Stacey Mills, W4SM]
* TEACHER SELECTED FOR ASTRONAUT CORPS *
NASA has selected Barbara Morgan, an elementary school teacher from
McCall, ID, to join the next astronaut candidate class as a mission
specialist, and she has accepted.
In a decision that re-emphasizes the importance of NASA's strong commitment
to education and its unique position to advance the Nation's goals to
improve science, mathematics, and technology education, the Agency has
determined that it is appropriate to include educator mission specialists
in the astronaut corps.
In addition to meeting the astronaut selection requirements, mission
specialists with education and teaching backgrounds in science, mathematics
and technology will be selected and trained in the astronaut corps. These
mission specialists will carry out educational programs in addition to
their other assigned flight duties.
[Info via NASA]
* MIR AMATEUR RADIO STATUS *
The Sputnik-40 Amateur Radio Satellite went silent around December 30, 1997.
The satellites batteries lasted 4 weeks longer than expected. Overall, the
project was a complete success. It generated lots of interest in space and
satellites around the world. School children everywhere were tuning their
radios to listen for the beep, beep, beep of Sputnik-40. Congratulations
go to everyone involved in the Sputnik project.
Those fortunate enough to hear the signal from Sputnik before it went
silent can send away for a SWL (Short Wave Listener) card from one of two
addresses. Listeners who heard the satellite on more than one occasion
should only send away for ONE (1) card. In an earlier report, an incorrect
zip code and old city name name were included in a QSL address. The good
news is that people who used the old address do not have to worry. Most
of the cards addressed to the old address are being delivered to the correct
address.
Include with your card the date and UTC time the signal from Sputnik-40 was
copied. Envelopes should be well sealed and not include cash. Send an SAE
(Self Addressed Envelope) and one or two IRC coupons (which can be purchased
at major US post offices) with your request. Do not make any notes on the
out side of the envelope with Amateur Radio call signs visible. Dave Larsen,
MIREX / N6CO is not handling SWL cards for Sputnik. Please use the address
below.
QSL Information for SWL (Short Wave Listener)
Sergej Samburov
PO Box 73
Korolev-10 City
Moscow Area, 141070, Russia
There is another address that can be used to receiver confirmation of
Sputnik-40 reception is the FR5KJ radio club:
FR5KJ radio club
College Jules Reydellet
103 rue de la Republique
97 489 Saint Denis Cedex
Reunion Island.
The Mir crew is expected to be very busy for the next two months. The
2-meter packet radio station was temporarily moved from the core module
of Mir and installed in the Priroda Module. This move was performed to
take advantage of the backup tri-band antenna shared with the SAFEX II
repeater. The crew also installed a TNC recently, but due to the crew's
heavy work load, the TNC parameters have not been properly configured.
Mirex would like stations monitoring the PMS to please be patient while
adjustments are made. The PMS is NOT fully operational at this time.
MIREX has created an Internet Web page containing information regarding Mir
and the various Amateur Radio experiments taking place from the space station.
The pages are still "under construction", but some good information can be
gathered from what has been put together so far. URLs include the following:
http://www.ik1sld.org/mirex.htm OR
http://www.ik1sld.org/mirex
http://www.geocities.com/~ik1sld/mirex.htm OR
http://www.geocities.com/~ik1sld/mirex
[Info via Miles, WF1F]
* FEEDBACK/INPUT WELCOMED *
Comments and input for SpaceNews should be directed to the editor (John,
KD2BD) via any of the paths listed below:
WWW : http://www.njin.net/~magliaco/
PACKET : KD2BD @ KS4HR.NJ.USA.NA
INTERNET : kd2bd@amsat.org, magliaco@email.njin.net
SATELLITE : AMSAT-OSCAR-16, LUSAT-OSCAR-19, KITSAT-OSCAR-25
<<=- SpaceNews: The first amateur newsletter read in space! -=>>
<<=- Serving the planet for 10 years -=>>
/EX
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- John A. Magliacane, KD2BD -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Internet : kd2bd@amsat.org | Voice : +1.732.224.2948
Satellite : AO-16, LO-19, KO-25 | Morse : -.- -.. ..--- -... -..
Packet : KD2BD @ KS4HR.NJ.USA.NA | WWW : http://www.njin.net/~magliaco/
Video : 426.250 MHz/439.250 MHz | FAX : +1.732.224.2060
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= Linux: An OS That Doesn't Break Like Glass -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
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Дата: 27 января 1998 (1998-01-27)
От: Alexander Bondugin
Тема: Lunar Prospector Update - January 25, 1998
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Lunar Prospector Mission Status Report #14
January 25, 1998 - 12:00 noon EST (9:00 a.m. PST)
The Lunar Prospector Mission Control Center at
NASA's Ames Research Center has announced that, as
of 4 p.m. PST (7 p.m. EST) on Fri., Jan. 23, 1998,
the spacecraft and its science instruments continue
to operate well, and at the expected nominal
levels.
The current statistics regarding the spacecraft,
its instuments and mission, as reported by Mission
Operations Manager Marcie Smith (at 0000 GMT [Zulu]
on Saturday, 1/24/98; 4 p.m. PST on 1/23/98), are
as follows:
Orbit Number: 137
Data Downlink Rate: 3600 bps
Spacecraft Spin Rate: 12.09 rpm
Spin Axis Attitude: Longitude: 226 deg
Latitude: 88.1 deg
Trajectory: Periselene: 90 km
Aposelene: 110 km
Period: 118 minutes duration
Occultations: 35 minutes duration
Eclipses: 15 minutes duration
A total of 72 commands were sent to the Lunar
Prospector spacecraft on Thursday night and Friday
to set the gains for the Magnetometer and Electron
Reflectrometer (MAG and ER) science instruments,
and to move the downlink to the medium gain antenna
from the Omni antenna (used to date). This served
to increase the signal level by about 7 dB,
improving the data return at the receiving ground
stations.
In the way of upcoming events, a small spin axis
attitude reorientation maneuver will be executed,
during day shift on Monday, Jan. 26, followed by a
spin trim.
David Morse
Ames Research Center
Moffett Field, CA 94035
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Дата: 27 января 1998 (1998-01-27)
От: Alexander Bondugin
Тема: Ball Aerospace To Provide ICESAT Spacecraft
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Douglas Isbell
Headquarters, Washington, DC January 26, 1998
(Phone: 202/358-1753)
Tammy Jones
Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD
(Phone: 301/286-5566)
RELEASE: C98-a
BALL AEROSPACE TO PROVIDE ICESAT SPACECRAFT
Ball Aerospace and Technologies Corp., Boulder, CO, has been
selected to provide the spacecraft for the Laser Altimetry Mission
scheduled to be launched in a near-polar orbit in July 2001.
Total cost of the mission is set at under $200 million,
including the launch vehicle and three years of science and data
analysis. Total value of Ball Aerospace's delivery order will be
announced after the contract is finalized and awarded in early February.
The Laser Altimetry Mission, recently known as ICESAT for
Ice, Cloud and land Elevation Satellite, will accurately measure
the elevations of the Earth's ice sheets, clouds, and land and
answer fundamental questions about the growth or shrinkage of the
Earth's polar ice sheets and future global sea level rise or fall.
ICESAT also will measure the heights of clouds for studies of
Earth's temperature balance and will measure land topography for a
variety of scientific and potential commercial applications.
In addition to providing the spacecraft, Ball Aerospace will
integrate and test the primary instrument on the ICESAT satellite,
the Geoscience Laser Altimeter System. The laser altimeter is
being developed at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt,
MD, and will provide precise elevation of the land, ice, and
clouds that are overflown.
The laser is completely eye-safe to individuals on the
ground. It works by transmitting short pulses of infrared light
and visible-green light to measure ice sheet elevation and land
topography (infrared light) and measurements of clouds and
aerosols (green light). The distance from the spacecraft to
clouds and to Earth's surface will be determined from measurements
of the time taken for the laser pulses to travel to these targets
and return. Similar instrumentation has been flown on aircraft
over the Greenland ice sheet for proof-of-concept experiments.
The Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets cover 10 percent of
the Earth's land area, and contain 77 percent of the Earth's fresh
water and 99 percent of its glacier ice. Measurements of the ice
sheets are essential for assessing whether future changes in ice
volume will add to the sea level rise, which is already occurring,
or whether the ice sheets might grow and absorb a significant part
of the predicted sea level rise.
ICESAT is one in a series of spacecraft for NASA's Earth
Science program which will study the Earth's system and the
effects of natural and human-induced changes on the global environment.
ICESAT is being developed by a partnership of NASA, industry,
and university teams. ICESAT will be placed into an orbit 379
miles above the Earth with an inclination of 94 degrees to the
equator. A launch vehicle for the ICESAT mission will be selected
from the stable of medium-light expendable launch vehicles.
ICESAT's designed lifetime is for three years of operation with a
five-year goal.
Ball Aerospace's selection was made through an innovative
procurement program developed at NASA to procure, build, and
deliver spacecraft faster and more cheaply than ever before. The
Indefinite Delivery/Indefinite Quantity contract will make it
possible to go from procurement to launch in less than four years.
The ICESAT mission and the development of the laser altimeter
instrument will be managed by Goddard for NASA's Earth Science
enterprise. More information is available via the Internet at the
following URL:
http://lam1.gsfc.nasa.gov/lamhome.htm
- end -
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